Over the years, brand new marchande routine provides much more be a period of time getting harsh and sexuality direct insults directed at the new partner, their this new wife, and their family members
Of the numerous cultural abilities models one to penetrate Hausa and Songhoy-Zarma lives, the newest ples of contestation regarding local patriarchal social means. The marchande is an excellent Songhoy-Zarma mock ritual did because of the senior partner for the a beneficial polygamous matrimony while the a response to the woman husband's recent or upcoming y becoming common practice during the Niger). Whenever marrying a new girlfriend, men is expected to spend 1st partner towards the discomfort the guy grounds this lady due to their the fresh new love. Which cash is often used by this new older spouse to pay for this new gatherings from which marchande is done, gatherings which involve satirical outfit, dance, and track. Another excerpt off a great marchande song voices the new fury regarding an older partner towards the the girl husband with his the new girlfriend:
Tobey tobey, [rabbit] Jet pepper within our attention Because of the Allah we are going to jet they right back Tobey tobey, We're going to scrub they into the their testicles Very he sets it inside the brand new wife's sight, Therefore the guy throws it in his brand new wife's snatch, She will struggle to bed, She will be unable to stay. [:196)
While you are these types of interpretations are considered provoking, I would suggest you to definitely marchande musical show a form of ritual subversion that create considerable tension and contestation whenever joined towards daily life
You to definitely fury is becoming manifested much more external and you will lead variations off ridicule towards women's husbands as well as their new co-wives (). Sidikou as well as implies that the latest marchande functions as a method for older spouses so you can sound the discontents that have polygamy whilst saying the status out of authority inside the nearest and Tinder vs Plenty of Fish 2019 dearest equipment. We could possibly simultaneously peruse this ritualized abilities thanks to Mikhail Bakhtin's opinion of one's carnivalesque, wherein the inversion of hierarchy in addition to short term alleviation of social tensions was attained as a result of satirical dance, mimicry, and terms of ridicule (Bakhtin 1941). With respect to issues regarding empowerment and you may complicity, Winner Turner's interpretation of the carnivalesque suggests that when you find yourself such as for example ritual inversions and you will transgressions would subvert personal formations briefly, it ultimately enable the individuals structures to endure. The guy means that such as terms regarding opposition are often consisted of to culturally recognized rooms the spot where the stress that might if not result in the alteration out of a personal system is actually legitimated and ventilated (Turner 1982).
Men, their families, in addition to their new brides does not sit-in marchande performances, neither do they service him or her although it is the payment into the older partner one to money it. Males and additionally strongly object to your coarse code that ladies explore in ily members, each of being significant offenses inside their Muslim people. Therefore of numerous marchande activities try passed in the secluded, but still social room. Once the texts of these slanderous shows do not slide individually toward ears of males, he or she is certainly circulated inside district of women, actually certainly women who couldn't otherwise build including derogatory re:56). Specifically because of the rise in head complaint of men and you will polygamy into the marchande musical, I understand so it tune mode since the creating a sort of opposition one to, without preventing polygamy, competitions they that have increasing strength. In addition, it brings a special ritual space to own personal opposition you to lets lady freedom regarding the deterministic framework out-of a district male gaze. The utilization of otherwise utterly forbidden language attests to this intensity, given that female action much more outside of the bounds away from appropriate public behavior so you can sound it crucial position on polygamy.